干扰和执行器故障下的舰载机着舰容错控制系统

本文提出了一种执行器故障的舰载机着舰容错控制系统,该系统可有效抑制着陆过程中的外界干扰和执行器故障带来的不利影响。首先,利用基于最小二乘的自回归模型对甲板运动进行预测,以获得在波浪干扰下的准确落点;其次,设计了下滑路径导引律,利用该导引律生成飞行航迹角;此外,设计了基于干扰观测器的快速终端积分滑模控制器,利用低通滤波器实现了控制器串联设计;最后,通过李雅普诺夫函数证明了该容错控制方法的跟踪误差一致有上界。将本文方法与比例-积分-微分控制器进行了对比数值仿真,验证了该算法的可行性。     

高超声速进气道强制转捩装置设计综述

为了提高飞行试验进气道的起动能力,减小进气道研究的模型尺度影响和天地差异,吸气式高超声速飞行器需要在进气道上安装强制转捩装置。通过对国内外高超声速进气道强制转捩装置的设计方法、选型、风洞试验和飞行试验的回顾和分析,介绍了转捩装置设计的五个主要问题:强制转捩装置的转捩机理、安装位置、选型和几何参数优化、天地相关性。并对未来的主要研究方向提出了建议。     

主被动复合驱动自适应指爪机构的抓取模式分析

为了满足空间在轨服务任务的多样化需求,基于主被动复合驱动思想提出一种自适应末端操作器——二指连杆欠驱动指爪机构,并对其抓取模式进行定量分析。首先,在描述指爪机构运动学关系的基础上,根据虚功原理建立机构的静力平衡方程。在此基础上,对其进行静力学分析可知,机构平衡状态下与目标物的接触力不仅取决于机构的几何尺寸,还与接触点位置有关;而机构的抓取模式取决于约束空间内系统的受力情况,因此该指爪能够根据不同形状目标物与机构接触点位置的不同,自适应地选择抓取模式,包括平行抓取、包络抓取等。最后,通过实验样机对不同形状物体进行抓取实验,验证了指爪机构抓取目标的自适应性,为后续的机构设计和控制应用奠定理论和技术基础。     

风洞模型-支撑系统涡激振动测量与分析

以0.55m×0.4m低湍流航空声学风洞某模型及其支撑系统为研究对象,采用基于加速度传感器直接测量支撑系统和热线间接测量模型尾流相结合的方法,测量并分析了风洞模型-支撑系统的涡激振动模态,给出了测量方案和数据处理方法。采用基于加速度传感器的功率谱分析方法,获得了模型-支撑系统的三阶振动频率分别为31.1、120.9和221.4Hz;采用基于加速度传感器的频域滤波和频域积分方法,提高了有效信号的信噪比,获得了模型-支撑系统振动的振型和振动节点位置;采用热线测量模型尾流分离涡脱落频率的方法,获得了模型一阶和二阶振动的尾流涡激频率分别为31.1和124.1Hz,并从测量尾流速度脉动量获得了模型振幅变化和抖振边界信息。实验结果表明,采用热线测量模型尾流从而分析模型振动的方法,有利于小尺度的模型振动测量,而且相对于加速度传感器装于模型表面的直接测量方法而言,对试验模型的绕流流场干扰较小,为测量风洞试验模型的涡激振动模态提供了一种方法。     

Backstepping design of missile guidance and control based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control

This paper presents an integrated missile guidance and control law based on adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control. The integrated model is formulated as a block-strict-feedback nonlinear system, in which modeling errors, unmodeled nonlinearities, target maneuvers, etc. are viewed as unknown uncertainties. The adaptive nonlinear control law is designed based on backstepping and sliding mode control techniques. An adaptive fuzzy system is adopted to approximate the coupling nonlinear functions of the system, and for the uncertainties, we utilize an online-adaptive control law to estimate the unknown parameters. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also conducted. Simulation results show that, with the application of the adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control, small miss distances and smooth missile trajectories are achieved, and the system is robust against system uncertainties and external disturbances.     

Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system and integral sliding mode backstepping control for the hose whipping phenomenon

Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system（HDARS） and an integral sliding mode backstepping controller design for the hose whipping phenomenon（HWP） during probe-drogue coupling are studied. Firstly, a dynamic model of the variable-length hose-drogue assembly is built for the sake of exploiting suppression methods for the whipping phenomenon.Based on the lumped parameter method, the hose is modeled by a series of variable-length links connected with frictionless joints. A set of iterative equations of the hose＇s three-dimensional motion is derived subject to hose reeling in/out, tanker motion, gravity, and aerodynamic loads accounting for the effects of steady wind, atmospheric turbulence, and tanker wake. Secondly,relying on a permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-precision position sensors, a new active control strategy for the HWP on the basis of the relative position between the tanker and the receiver is proposed. Considering the strict-feedback configuration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a rotor position control law based on the backstepping method is designed to insure global stability. An integral of the rotor position error and an exponential sliding mode reaching law of the current errors are applied to enhance control accuracy and robustness. Finally,the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and control laws.     

Finite-time sliding mode attitude control for a reentry vehicle with blended aerodynamic surfaces and a reaction control system

This paper proposes a finite-time robust flight controller, targeting for a reentry vehicle with blended aerodynamic surfaces and a reaction control system(RCS). Firstly, a novel finite-time attitude controller is pointed out with the introduction of a nonsingular finite-time sliding mode manifold. The attitude tracking errors are mathematically proved to converge to zero within finite time which can be estimated. In order to improve the performance, a second-order finite-time sliding mode controller is further developed to effectively alleviate chattering without any deterioration of robustness and accuracy. Moreover, an optimization control allocation algorithm, using linear programming and a pulse-width pulse-frequency(PWPF) modulator, is designed to allocate torque commands for all the aerodynamic surface deflections and on–off switching-states of RCS thrusters.Simulations are provided for the reentry vehicle considering uncertain parameters and external disturbances for practical purposes, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the attitude control system.     

一种基于滑模非奇异的反舰导弹导引律的设计与仿真

提出了一种反舰导弹滑模非奇异导引律。根据反舰导弹弹道的运动学分析方法,建立了弹目相对运动的数学模型。在非奇异理论的基础上,推导出具有带落角约束的滑模非奇异导引律。通过仿真,表明了该导引律能同时满足脱靶和落角的性能指标,具有优良的鲁棒性,脱靶量更小,精度更高。相比传统的比例导引律,具有更强的实用性和有效性。     

基于高斯过程的航天器自适应滑模姿态控制

针对存在模型不确定性和外界干扰的刚性航天器,提出了一种基于高斯过程回归(GPR)的新型自适应滑模姿态控制算法。该算法具有自学习能力,在不同的姿态控制任务下都能够实现高精度、强鲁棒和高效率的姿态跟踪。首先,在航天器的四元数标称系统动态模型基础上,应用在线稀疏高斯过程回归(SOGP)方法学习系统的未知动态;其次,结合高斯过程的预测均值设计滑模控制算法,利用高斯过程的预测方差自适应调节控制增益,并应用李雅普诺夫方法严格证明闭环系统的稳定性,保证了航天器姿态跟踪误差的渐进收敛性;最后,通过数值仿真验证了所设计控制器的有效性。结果表明,该自学习控制算法与自适应滑模控制(ASMC)与神经网络自适应控制等算法相比,具有更快的收敛速度、更高的跟踪精度以及更低的控制成本。     

半球谐振陀螺仪谐振子品质因数不均匀引起的误差分析

 半球谐振子的品质因数不均匀性是造成陀螺仪输出误差的一个主要误差源,所以研究在参数激励以及位置激励两种模式下,谐振子品质因数不均匀对于陀螺仪输出误差的影响具有一定的理论意义。在引入半球谐振子的环形振动模型的基础上,首先考虑参数激励方式下,品质因数不均匀引起的进动角速率误差的表达式,仿真分析了不均匀性四次谐波对陀螺仪漂移角度的贡献,结果表明漂移角度为具有趋势项的振动曲线。然后在位置激励方式下,通过开环和闭环两种模式分别研究了品质因数不均匀的四次谐波对于输入角速率解算的影响,得出了当位置激励对准固有韧性轴时,解算的误差能够得到抑制的结论。总之,在两种激励方式下,品质因数的四次谐波分量都会导致陀螺仪出现输出误差。